Strongest Magnet in the World | Rare-earth Permanent Magnet
The rare earth permanent magnet material is an alloy composed of rare earth elements of samarium, neodymium mixed rare earth metals and transition metals (such as cobalt, iron, etc.), pressed and sintered by powder metallurgy, and then magnetized by a magnetic field.
At present, rare earth permanent magnets are divided into: samarium cobalt (SmCo) permanent magnets and neodymium (NdFeB) permanent magnets. Among them, the energy product of SmCo magnet is between 15-30MGOe; the energy product of NdFeB magnet is between 27--50MGOe, which is "the strongest magnet in the world".
Although samarium cobalt permanent magnets have excellent magnetic properties, due to the scarcity of rare earth metal samarium reserves, cobalt is also the most expensive strategic metal, its development has been greatly restricted. The development of China's rare earth permanent magnet industry began in the late 1960s, when the leading product was samarium cobalt permanent magnets, which were mainly used in military technology.
Development of Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets
At present, rare earth permanent magnets are divided into the first generation (SmCo5), the second generation (SM2Co17) and the third generation (NdFeB). New rare earth transition metal series and rare earth iron nitrogen series permanent magnet alloy materials are under development and may become a new generation of rare earth permanent magnet alloys in the future.
Neodymium Magnets
As a rare earth permanent magnet material, Neodymium Magnet has extremely high magnetic energy product, coercive force and energy density, and good mechanical properties. It is widely used in modern industries and electronic technologies.
The third-generation rare earth permanent magnet NdFeB is the most powerful permanent magnet among contemporary magnets. Its main raw material is rare earth metal neodymium 29%-32.5%, metallic element iron 63.95-68.65%, non-metallic element boron 1.1-1.2% and dysprosium 0.6-8% niobium 0.3-0.5% aluminum 0.3-0.5% copper 0.05-0.15% and other elements.
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SmCo Magnets
Samarium Cobalt Magnets have a high working temperature of 350 ℃. When the working temperature exceeds 180 ℃, its maximum magnetic energy product and stable temperature are superior to NdFeB magnetic materials.
SmCo Magnet does not require electroplating because it is not easily corroded and oxidized.
Samarium Cobalt Magnets are widely used in aerospace, defense military, microwave devices, communications, medical equipment, motors, instruments, various magnetic transmission devices, sensors, magnetic processors, magnetic cranes and other fields.
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Features of Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets
With the development of computer and communication industries, rare-earth permanent magnets, especially NdFeB permanent magnets, have developed rapidly.
Rare-earth permanent magnet materials are currently known as a permanent magnet material with the highest comprehensive performance. It is more than 100 times higher than the magnetic steel used in the 90th century, and has much better performance than ferrite magnets and AlNiCo magnets. Because the use of rare earth permanent magnet materials not only promotes the miniaturization of permanent magnet devices, improves the performance of products, but also promotes the production of some special devices, so the emergence of rare earth permanent magnet materials immediately attracted great attention from all over the world.
As the world's largest source of rare earth materials, China has developed and produced various rare earth permanent magnet materials that have reached international advanced levels.
Applications of Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets
Rare-earth permanent magnet materials have become important materials in electronic technology communications. They are used in traveling wave tubes, circulators, and micro motors, micro tape recorders, aviation instruments, electronic watches, seismometers and other electronic instruments in artificial satellites and radars. The application of rare earth permanent magnets has penetrated into automobiles, household appliances, electronic instruments, nuclear magnetic resonance imagers, audio equipment, micro motors, and mobile phones.
In terms of medical treatment, the use of rare earth permanent magnet materials for "magnetic acupuncture therapy" has greatly improved the curative effect and promoted the rapid promotion of "magnetic acupuncture therapy". Among the various fields of application of rare earths, rare earth permanent magnet materials are the fastest growing. It not only gave a huge impetus to the development of the rare earth industry, but also had a profound impact on many related industries.
With the advancement of science and the demand for high-end rare-earth permanent magnet materials in emerging fields such as wind power generation, new energy vehicles, inverter home appliances, energy-saving elevators, and energy-saving oil pumping units Increasingly, the market of rare-earth permanent magnet become bigger.